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        如何让koa2项目支持ES7的import和aysnc，await语法
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    <h4 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h4><p>自己使用<code>koa-generator</code>生成一个<code>koa</code>项目后，却发现<code>js</code>的语法都是很老的<code>nodejs</code>，还在用 var 来定义变量，导入包也是用的<code>require</code>。作为一名<code>nodejs</code>忠实粉丝，怎么也得高大上一点嘛！下面就介绍怎么让<code>koa2</code>项目支持 ES7 的<code>import</code>和<code>aysnc</code>，<code>await</code>语法。</p>
<h4 id="安装-runkoa"><a href="#安装-runkoa" class="headerlink" title="安装 runkoa"></a>安装 runkoa</h4><p>这个是<code>runkoa</code>的<a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/runkoa" target="_blank" rel="noopener">官方介绍</a>，作者确实是个好人，替<code>koa</code>的开发者省去了配置<code>babel</code>的步骤。使用方法如下：在控制台输入：</p>
<figure class="highlight cmake"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cnpm <span class="keyword">install</span> -g runkoa</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>在<code>bin/</code>目录下面新建一个名为<code>run</code>的文件，并复制一下代码：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#!/usr/bin/env node</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> current_path = process.cwd();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'runkoa'</span>)(current_path + <span class="string">'/bin/www'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>修改<code>package.json</code>的<code>scripts</code>命令，将<code>www</code>修改成为<code>run</code>：</p>
<figure class="highlight stata"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"scripts"</span>: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"start"</span>: <span class="string">"node bin/run"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"dev"</span>: <span class="string">"./node_modules/.bin/nodemon bin/run"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"prd"</span>: <span class="string">"pm2 start bin/run"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="string">"test"</span>: <span class="string">"echo \"</span><span class="keyword">Error</span>: <span class="keyword">no</span> <span class="keyword">test</span> specified\<span class="string">" &amp;&amp; exit 1"</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;,</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如此，再输入<code>npm run dev</code>, 就可以将<code>require</code>变成<code>import</code>，并且支持<code>async</code>和<code>await</code>。</p>
<h4 id="遇到的坑"><a href="#遇到的坑" class="headerlink" title="遇到的坑"></a>遇到的坑</h4><p>在使用<code>mongoose</code>的时候，我将操作数据库的代码都放在了<code>schema</code>的<code>statics</code>属性中。写代码的时候请注意<code>async</code>和<code>await</code>是要一起出现的，也就是使用了<code>await</code>的方法必须前面有<code>async</code>的关键字。这个我查了好久，家里的网差，很心累。后来使用<code>koa</code>新建了一个测试项目，将两个项目对比，才发现在定义<code>statics</code>的方法的时候没有使用 async 关键字，但是在调用的时候却使用了<code>await</code>，于是控制台一直报<code>await is a reserved word</code></p>
<figure class="highlight typescript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># 定义</span><br><span class="line">userSchema.statics.checkname = <span class="keyword">async</span> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">ctx, name</span>) </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> <span class="built_in">document</span> = <span class="keyword">await</span> <span class="keyword">this</span>.findOne(&#123; username: name &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="built_in">document</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> &#123; ok: <span class="literal">false</span>, msg: <span class="string">'用户名已经存在'</span> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> &#123; ok: <span class="literal">true</span>, msg: <span class="string">'用户名合法'</span> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 调用</span><br><span class="line">ctx.body = <span class="keyword">await</span> User.checkname(ctx, name)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>好了，填坑完毕，大家如果有啥疑问，欢迎写信到我的邮箱(andyliwr@outlook)。</p>

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